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Exam 27: Medically Significant Fungi

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Chromoblastomycosis is caused by all the following organisms except:

A) Fonsecaea compacta.
B) Penicillium marneffei.
C) Fonsecaea pedrosoi.
D) Phialophora verrucosa.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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This organism was isolated from a sinus aspirate of a patient with chronic sinusitis and respiratory allergies.Identify the organism shown below.

A) Candida albicans
B) Alternaria spp.
C) Mucor spp.
D) Pseudallescheria boydii

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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B

Question 3

Multiple Choice

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A patient returning from a trip to tropical Africa comes to his physician noting scaly patches of skin along the waistband, which are lighter in color than his normal skin.A skin scraping reveals budding yeast and short septate hyphal elements, with some branching present.This organism, shown below, is most likely:

A Seattle woman with HIV complains of headaches and also displays some memory loss.Because of her history, the physician collects cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sends it to the laboratory for analysis.The following image is seen using India ink stain.What is the most likely identification of this organism?

A student working for the summer at a plant nursery has a nodular lesion on his forearm that develops a draining tract.The following organism is isolated from the culture at 22C.Identify the organism shown below.

A graduate student returning from a month-long fieldwork experience in South America develops a dark nodular lesion on his left hand.Microscopic examination of the nodule reveals dark, coinlike inclusions.The following organism grows in culture.This organism is most likely:

What is the causative agent of tinea nigra?

A patient with very pale patches on his arms and legs is examined at his physician's office.His physician orders a fungal culture.The fungus shows a spaghetti-and-meatball appearance on the direct smear.What organism is it?

For potassium hydroxide (KOH) to work properly, what is done to speed up the dissolution of the keratin and skin layers?

What organism is found in the San Joaquin Valley region of California?

A young boy develops itchy, dry scaly lesions on his leg with a raised, red, outer edge.A culture of the lesion reveals the following organism in a lactophenol cotton blue stain.This organism is most likely:

A bone marrow transplant patient develops an abrupt fever with respiratory distress.Despite treatment with antifungal medications, the patient dies on the fifth day.The following organism was isolated from both sputum and blood cultures.Identify the organism shown below.

The following organism was isolated from the sputum culture of a cancer chemotherapy patient.This organism is most likely:

The following organism was isolated from an immunocompetent patient with chronic sinusitis.This organism is most likely:

A young man notices a darkened area of skin on the palm of his hand.It seems to be increasing in size over the past 2 weeks.His health care provider collects a skin scraping for microscopic examination, which shows septate hyphal elements and budding cells.This organism is most likely:

All of the following are examples of dimorphic fungi except:

A patient with thickened and discolored nails was diagnosed with onychomycosis.A scraping of the nail was sent for culture.Microscopic analysis of the mold colony growth revealed the following morphology.The most likely identity of this organism is:

All of the following organisms cause cutaneous mycoses except:

What organism is one of the primary opportunistic infections in AIDS patients?

A recreational cave explorer develops a productive cough and fever.A sputum culture is sent to the laboratory for bacterial, fungal, and mycobacterial cultures.A white mold colony develops on Sabouraud's agar after 5 days at 22° C.Identify the organism shown below.